Door lock



E. D. DA LL Nov. 2, 1943.

DOOR LOCK s Sheeis-Sheetl Filed May 23, 1942 [aw/Leo .0. DALL.

,Nov.2,1943. E. D. DALL 2,333,473

DOOR LOCK Filed May 23, 1942 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Q m AL\ Q N E. D. DALLNov. 2, 1943.

DOOR LOCK 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed May 25, 1942 Patented Nov. 2, E93

' W I r, ts

DOOR LOCK Edward D. Dali, Detroit, Miclii, assignor to Hondaille-HersheyCorporation, Detroit, Mich, a

corporation of Michigan Application May 23, 1942, Serial No. 444,161

8 Claims. (or. 292-198) position. However, due to jarring, as thevehicle is running, these camming and wedging members tend to creepalong the latch bolt under pressure of the springs and to become more orless set and stuck by their frictional engagement with the latch bolt.It then requires unnecessary force on the door handle to release the camming and wedging members and it is therefore the object of my presentinvention to provide improved and more practical means cooperable withthe latch bolt under control of the door handle for camming the boltinto full locking position and holding it there and which means may bereadily released by the exertion of ordinary pressure upon the doorhandle for opening of the door.

More in-detail, an important object of the invention is to provide atake-up and holding member for the latch bolt which is free of heavyspring pressure thereagainst and whose movements for setting of thelatch bolt into cocked position and for moving the bolt into lockingposition and holding'it there are effected by a setting member undercontrol of the door handle.

A further object is to provide a setting member, under control of thedoor handle, for positively moving the latch bolt take-up and holdingmember into position for release of the latch bolt for opening of thedoor, and for camming engagement with the take-up and holding member foroperating said member to move the latch bolt into its locking positionfor locking of the door.

A further important object is to provide keeper means cooperable withthe latch bolt to hold the door in a partially open or safety positionin the event that the door has not been fully closed v by slamming, orthe handle has not been turned sufficiently for full closing 'of thedoor, or by insufiicient handle operation, the latch bolt has not beenfully released for opening of the door.

My invention also embodies other features of structure, arrangement andoperation, and all the various features of the invention are emextendsacross the edge of the door.

bodied in the structure shown on the drawings, in which drawings Figure1 is a front or outside elevation of the lock structure on the door andthe keeper structure on the door frame, with the parts in doorlockingposition; Figure 2 is an elevational view looking at the structure inFigure 1 from the right;

Figure 3 is an'elevational view like Figure 1 but showing the variousparts in unlocking or door-releasing position;

Figure 4 is an elevational view of the parts in Figure 3 looking fromthe right;

Figure 5 is an elevational view similar to Figure 4 showing thearrangement when the latch bolt has been swung out of its safetylatching position;

Figure 6 is a section on plane VIVI of Figure I 1 to show the latch boltin its full door-locking engagement with the keeper element;

Figure 7 is a view similar to Figure 6 showing the latch bolt in fullreleased position relative to v the keeper for opening of the door; and

Figure 8 is a similar section showing the safety catch engagement of thelatch bolt with the The supporting frame of the latch structure Icomprises the base wall I0 to be secured to the side wall of a door, andthe flange wall II which On the outer side of the flange wall, near thebottom thereof, is secured the cup-shaped frame or housing I2 for thelatch bolt I3. This latch bolt is of V or angle shape and is mounted forrocking movement on the pin I4 which is secured at its ends in the outerwall of the frame I2 and the flange wall II, respectively. The bolt hasthe locking arm I5 and the setting arm IS, a stud Ii extending from thesetting arm inwardly through the arcuate slot I8 in the flange wall I I.On the inner side of the wall II is anchored the coil spring I9 whichengages the stud I'E and tends to swing the bolt to carry its lockingarm I5 downwardly into the frame I2 and its setting arm I6 upwardly outof the frame, to the posithe keeper and the leg l6 of the bolt engagesthe incline 22 and the bolt is swung to bring its locking leg l intoposition behind the incline 2|, as shown on Figures 6, 7 and 8. Duringclosing of the .door, the frame l2 rides on the bottom wall 23 of thekeeper.

Mounted on the inner sideof the flange wall I above the slot i8 is astud 24 on which the take-upwind holding member 25 for the lock bolt isfulcrumed. This take-up and holding member is in the form of a metalplate and has the recess 26, and forwardly of this recess the surface 21which is eccentric or tapering relative to the fulcrum axis ofthe plate.When this holding member or plate i rotated to bring the recess intoalignment with the arcuate slot IS, the lock bolt stud will be shiftedby the spring l9 into the recess for setting of the lock bolt in itscocked position as shown on Figures 4 and 8. Upon withdrawal of the studfrom the recess, and rotation of the holding member in counterclockwisedirection, the eccentric or cam surface 21 on the holding member willengage the stud H for forcing the locking arm l5 of the latch bolt intoits locking engagement with the keeper incline 2| (Figures 2 and 6).

The rotary movements of the take-up and holding member 25 are controlledby the setting member 28 fulcrumed on a post 29 extending forwardly fromthe wall I 0. Above the setting member a roll-back 30 is fulcrumed inthe housing 3| on the base wall ID to be rocked by the rotation of aspindle 32 which terminates in a handle (not shown) on the outside ofthe door. The roll-back receives the circular upper end of a link 33extending downwardly behind the setting member 28 and having a stud 34thereon projecting through the arcuate slot 35 in the setting member. Acoil spring 36 anchored on the fulcrum post 29 en ages the stud 34 andtends to hold the link 33 and the roll-back-in normal or upper position,while another coil spring 31 anchored on the post 29 engages theabutment 38-on the setting member 28 and tends to hold this member withthe lower end of its slot 35 against the stud 34 (Figure 1).

The setting member 28 is in the form of a metal plate and at its innerend has a portion deflected forwardly to form. an abutment 39. Belowthis abutment the metal is deflected forwardly and laterally to providea cam rail 43.

On the holding member 25, at a point above its fulcrum, is a pin 4|which projects into the path of the abutment and, cam rail on thesetting member 28. When the setting member is rotated incounterclockwise direction (Figures 3 and 4), the abutment 39 willencounter the pin for clockwise rocking of the holding member, and whenthe setting member is rotated in clockwise direction (Figures 1 and 2)the cam rail 40 acts against the pin to rock the member 25 incounterclockwise direction for application of its tapering or cammingsurface 21 to the lock bolt stud I1 for forcing the lock bolt into itslocking engagement with the keeper and to thereafter take up anylooseness of the bolt so as to keep it securely held in locking positionwhile the door is closed.

When, by the operation of the door handle, the setting member 28 isrotated in a counterclockwise direction a distance sufiicient only torock the member 25 for reception in its recess 26 of the locking boltstud. the lock bolt will be rocked to its cocked position by the springl9, and the pin 4| on the member 25 will be above the upper end of thecam rail 40 of the setting member to form a stop therefor when thehandle is released, the spring 3'! then holding the setting member inthis position, as indicated on Figures 3 and 4. Although the lockingbolt is now in position of release of its locking leg l5 from the keeperincline 2|, the door cannot be fully opened because provision is madefor functioning of the locking bolt to hold the door in thi partiallyopen or so-called safety position. Referring to Figures 6, 7 and 8, thekeeper, in its upper wall and in advance of the deflection 20 has ashorter downward deflection or safety catch abutment 42 providing theinner incline 43 which forms an abutment for the end of the setting leg|6 of the bolt and prevents the full opening of the door after theincomplete operation of the door handle referred to, Before the doorcanbe fully opened, the bolt must be swung to the position shown in Figure'7 with its leg i6 clear of the abutment deflection 42. This isaccomplished by a full operation of the door handle. After an onlypartial rotation of the handle, the edge a of the member 25 in front ofits recess 26 is held as shown on Figure 4 against the lock bolt stud bythe force of the spring 31 acting on the setting member 28 which engagesthe pin 4| on the member 25, and the lock bolt is thus heldindependently of spring IS in its cocked position shown on Figure 8. Nowwhen the door handle is moved to its final or full movement as shown onFigure 5, the abutment 39 on the setting member will engage the pin 4|to rock the member 25 to release its edge a from the lock bolt stud andbring its edge b at the rear of the recess 26 into engagement with lockbolt stud to rock the bolt against the force of spring l8 and beyond itscocked position to the position, shown in Figures 5 and '7, to clear thebolt arm I6 from the keeper safety catch abutment 42 so that the doormay then be fully opened. When, after such complete movement of thehandle and full opening of the door, the handle is released, the spring31 will rock the setting member back for reengagement of the upper endof its cam rail 40 with the pin 4| for rocking of the member 25 back toits position shown on Figure 4' for reentry of the lock bolt stud intothe recess 26 and resetting of the locking bolt to its cocked positionand for holding of the bolt in this position by the spring l9 and theedge a on the holding member 25. The outer door handle may now beturned, inde ndently of movement of the setting member 2 to the extentof the slot 35 of the setting member through which the stud 34 extendsfrom the link 33 which connects with the roll-back 30, the spring 36tending to hold the link and the roll-back and the handle in normalposition.

The door may be closed from its open position by first swinging thehandle down its full distance for setting of the lock bolt to theposition shown in Figures 5 and 7, and then swinging the door to itsclosed position while the handle s being held down, the setting leg I6of the bolt, during the final closing movement of the door, thenencountering the keeper deflection 20 so that the bolt will be rockedfrom its cocked position toward its locking position and its studwithdrawn from the recess 26 (Figure 5); and then,

upon release of the handle, the spring 3! will function to rotate thesetting member 28 in clockwise direction for counter-clockwise rockingof the holding member 25 for engagement of its tapering surface 21 withthe bolt studand final setting of the bolt into its locking position inlocking engagement with the locking incline 2| on the keeper, as shownon Figures 2 and 6. Should the handle, during closing movement of thedoor, be released before the locking bolt has had sufficient engagementwith keeper abutment to withdraw the bolt stud from the holding memberrecess 26, then the bolt stud, will be returned by the spring [9 intothe recess 26 and the bolt will be in its'safety catch position behindthe safety abutment 42 on the keeper, as shown on Figure 8. The doorhandle may then be turned the required full distance and the door swungcompletely shut, or the partially open door may be pushed shut, duringwhich pushing operation the bolt will be rocked toward its lockingposition to clear its stud out of the recess 26 for release of theholding member and rocking thereby of the bolt into its final lockingposition as the door is being fully closed.

When the door is to be shut by slamming, and I out of the recess 26 ofthe holding member 25 to free the holding member for rocking thereof bythe setting member for engagement with the bolt stud for rocking of thebolt into' its full locking position, If the slamming effort is notsufficient for engagement of the bolt with the keeper abutment 2B, thebolt stud will not be withdrawn from the .recess 26 of the holdingmember and spring I 9 will then rock the bolt back to its cooked orsafety position shown on Figure 8 and the door will then be held in itspartially closed position and against full opening. The locking boltthus cooperates with the keeper to safety lock the door or to lock it infully closed position.

Provision is also made for unlocking the door.

by operation of the inside handle usually provided on doors. Such handlei not shown on the drawings, but as is'usual, a bar 44 extendstherefrom, and in the arrangement shown the bar has the pin 45 engagingin the slot 45 in the setting member 28, and when it is desired to openthe door from the inside, the inside handle is rotated for pull on thebar 44 and rotation of the setting member for release of the holdingmember 25 from the locking bolt, such operation of the setting member bythe inside handle being independent of the outside handle and theroll-back 30 by virtue of the arcuate slot in the setting member whichreceives the stud 34 on the link 33 extending from the roll-back. Theslot in the setting member also permits unlocking of door by the outsidehandle without movement of the bar 44 connected with the inside handle.

Means are also provided for locking the door against opening fromtheoutside by operation of the outside handle. Such locking means may becontrolled from the inside of the door or from the outside thereof. Asshown, a locking plate position. The setting of the locking plate todogging position may be accomplished by means of suitable key operablelock mechanism (not other end with a suitable handle or lever (notshown) on the inside of the door. Figure 3 shows the locking plate inits unlocking position to permit opening of the door by operation of theoutside handle.

It "will be noted that the holding member 25 is not engaged directiy byany spring means tendm to force it into bolt holding position. The

movement of the locking bolt to its locking position is accomplished bytwo tapering or camming surfaces, one of these surfaces being thesurface 21 on the holding member which engages the locking bolt stud,and the other surface being on the cam rail 40 on the setting memberwhich engages the pin 4| on the holding member. These camming surfacesare of gradual tapering or incline and the camming load is distributedor divided between these two surfaces, There is therefore no chance forthe holding member to become set or stuck and substantially the onlyeifort required on the door handle for unlocking of the door is thatnecessary to overcome the resistance of the springs 36 and 3'l,'and asthis resistance is substantially constant, the force of the spring 31will keep the camming surface 21 of the holding member against the lockbolt stud to take up any looseness in the bolt and to keep it in secureengagement with the locking abut- -ment on the keeper to keep the doorat all times securely closed and to prevent rattle. When the lock boltis in locking position shown on Figures 2 and 6, the pressure engagementof the bolt stud with the surface 21 of the holding member is to oneside of the fulcrum axis of the holding member to hold the holdingmember with its pin in engagement with the cam rail. The slope of thecam rail being gradual, the cam rail will prevent rotation of theholding member and unlocking rocking of the latch bolt when an attemptis made to open the door by pull on the handle without rotation of thehandle, and the door will be kept securely locked.

The spring 19, which is comparatively light,

' tends to hold the bolt stud H at all times against the edge of theholding member 25 or in the bolt should be in cocked position with itsstud engaged by the\edge a, of the member 25 under stud leaves therecess 26.

pressure from the. spring 31 acting through the setting member 28 andpin 4l.- When the door is slammed, the initial rocking of the bolt byengagement with the keeper must rock member 25 against the resistance ofspring 31 as the bolt This resistance to rocking of the bolt by thecombined resistance of the springs I9 and 31, will prevent accidentalmovement of the bolt out of its cocked position while the door is open.

I have thus produced simple and efficient lock structure of the typedescribed which may be readily controlled by ordinary effort on the doorhandle, and in which look structure the lock bolt functions to safetylatch the door as well as to securely lock it in fully closed position.

I have shown a practical embodiment of the various features of myinvention but do not desire to be limited to the exact construction, ar-

rangement and operation shown and described as changes and modificationsmay be made with- I claim as follows a 1. Lock structure for a doorcomprising a housing on the door, a latch bolt; fulcrumed on the housingfor engagement with a keeper on the door frame to be rocked from acocked position into latching engagement with the keeper when the dooris swung to closed position, yieldable means tending to hold said boltin cocked position, a holding member fulcrumed on said housing andhaving an eccentric edge engageable with said bolt for rocking said boltto final locking position, a setting member on said housing, a cammingconnection between said setting member and said holding member adaptedto move said holding member to holding position, and means under controlof the door handle for actuating said setting member for release of saidcamming connection whereby to permit rocking of said bolt to unlockingposition.

2. Door locking structure. comprising a housing on the door, a rockablelatch bolt fulcrumed on said housing for engagement with a keeper on thedoor frame to be rocked into latching engagement therewith when the dooris swung to closed position, a rotatable holding member, a

setting member, an eccentric camming surface on said holding memberengageable with said bolt, a camming surface on said setting memberengageable with said holding member, said camming surfaces cooperating,upon rocking of said bolt to locking position when the door is closed,to force said bolt intimately into locking engagement with the keeper.

3. Door lock structure comprising a housing on the door, a lock boltfulcrumed for rocking move-.

ment on the housing for engagement with a keeper on the door frame,yielding means tendingto hold said lock bolt in cocked position when thedoor is open, a holding member held in one position by said bolt when incocked position and being released from said bolt when the bolt isrocked'by engagement thereof with the keeper when the door is swung toclosed position, a setting member on said housing having a cam surfacethereon cooperable with said holding member to move said holding memberto another position upon release thereof from said lock bolt, and aneccentric surface on said holding memrotate said holding member forrocking of the bolt thereby to locking position, and means under controlof the door handle for actuating said setting member for release of saidcamming means for freeing said bolt from said holding member to permitopening of the door.

6. A door lock structure for mounting on a door comprising a rockablelock bolt for cooperation with a keeper on the door frame and adapted toassume a cocked position when the door is ope'n, a holding member on thedoor, means effective when said bolt is in cocked position to interlocksaid bolt and saidholding member to thereby hold said member in arelease position when the door is open, a setting member on the door,spring means tending to move said setting member, cooperable abutmentson said holding member and said setting member for holding said settingmember against movement by said spring means when said holding member isin its release position, said bolt cooperating with said keeper to berocked from its cocked position to locking position in the keeper whenthe door is moved to closed position, said movement of the bolt tolocking position releasing said holding member for release of saidsetting member for operation thereof by said spring means, said holdingmember having a camming surface and said setting member having cammingconnection with said holding member, said camming connection beingeffective upon movement of said setting member by said spring means tomove said holding member for application of its camming surface to saidbolt for gradual forcing of said bolt into its final locking engagementwith said keeper.

7. A door lock structure for mounting on a door and comprising arockable lock bolt for cooperation with a keeper on the door frame, saidbolt adapted to assume a cocked position when the door is open, aholding member on the door, means effective when said bolt is in cockedposition to interlock said bolt and said holding member to thereby holdsaid member in a release position when the door is open, a settingmember on the door, spring means tending to move ber engaged with saidbolt upon movement of said holding member to said other position by saidcamming surface whereby said bolt is rocked into full locking positionwith said keeper to hold the door fully closed.

4. Lock structure for a door comprising a, rockable lock boltcooperablewith a keeper adjacent to the door, a rotatable holding memberhaving an eccentric camming surface engageable with the bolt for rockingthereof to locking position, setting means having camming connectionwith said holding member for rotation thereof for engagement of itscamming surface with the bolt, and means under control of the doorhandle for actuating said setting means to release said cammingconnection tofree said bolt for door opening movement.

5. Door locking structure comprising a rockable lock bolt on the doorfor cooperation with a keeper adjacent the door, a rotatable holdingmember having an eccentric edge for rocking the bolt to locking positionafter closing of the door, a setting member provided with camming means,yielding means tendiing to move said setting member for operation ofsaid camming means to said setting member, cooperable abutments on saidholding member and said setting member for holding said setting memberagainst movement by said spring means when said holding member is in itsrelease position, said bolt c0- operating with said keeper to be rockedfrom its cocked position to locking position in the keeper when the dooris moved to closed position, said movement of the bolt to lockingposition releasing said holding member for release of said settingmember for operation thereof by said spring means, said holding memberhaving a camming surface and said setting member having cammingconnection with said holding member, said camming connection beingeffective upon movement of said setting member by said spring means tomove said holding member for application of its camming surface to saidbolt for gradual forcing of said bolt into final locking engagement withsaid keeper, an abutment on said setting member, and means under controlof the door handle for moving said setting member for release of saidcamming connection and for engagement of said abutment with said holdingmember for return of said holding member to its release position wherebyto free said bolt for return from its locking position to its cockedposition.

8. A look structure for a doorcomprising a rockable lock bolt on thedoor cooperable with a keeper mounted on the door frame and providedwith a locking abutment and a safety catch abutment, a holding member onthe door movable to a release position or to a holding position,yielding means for holding said'bolt in a cocked position, meanseffective when said bolt is in cocked position to hold said holdingmember in its release position, a setting member on the door, springmeans tending to move said setting member in one direction, cooperatingabutments on said setting member and said holding mem-.

her for preventing movement of saidsetting ment of said setting memberby said spring means whereby said holding member camming surface will beengaged with'said bolt for final rocking movement thereof into lockingengagement with the keeper locking abutment, means under control of thedoor handle for moving said setting member in reverse direction againstsaid spring means for disengaging its cam means from said holdingmember, said setting member having an abutment engageable with saidholding member during such reverse movement of said setting member forrestoring said holding member to its release position whereby said boltmay return to its cocked position as the door is beingopened, saidsafety catch abutment on said keeper being in the path of said bolt whenreturned to its cocked position, and means effective upon continuedmovement of said setting member by said door handle for moving saidholding member beyond its release position and into engagement with saidbolt to rock said bolt a sufli-v cient distance to clear it from saidsafety catch abutment whereby said door may then be fully opened.

EDWARD D. DALL.

